Tracking the actual economic experience of the US population. US headline economic statistics may imply misleadingly positive conditions skewed by extremely high numbers at the upper end of the wealth spectrum. Fortunately we have a wealth of economic datasets that help us better understand how individuals and families are experiencing the US economy, through the lens of living expenses and balancing a budget.

2026 Q3

S3T Economic Experience Dashboard

Affordability Distress Indicator (ADI)

A modeled view of household affordability, financial strain, employment quality, and budget adequacy.

Updated September 5, 2026Estimated for 2026 Q3 using data through September 5, 2026Method v1.0.0

Data available as of September 5, 2026; underlying periods range from the October 2025 SHED survey through August 2026 labor data, July 2026 price and credit data, and 2026 Q2 debt data. Q3 is incomplete; the current point is a modeled estimate, not a completed-quarter observation.

Moderate + Severe Distress trend

Published Moderate plus Severe Distress estimates from 2025 Q4 through 2026 Q3The published modeled estimate rises from 28.0 percent in 2025 Q4 to 37.4 percent in 2026 Q2 and 43.0 percent in the 2026 Q3 estimate. Earlier editions used mixed adult and household indicators and are not fully comparable with the current household model.20%30%40%2025 Q428.0%2026 Q237.4%2026 Q343.0%legacy mixed-unit editionscurrent model

Comparability note: 2025 Q4 and 2026 Q2 are legacy modeled estimates based on mixed adult- and household-level indicators. The 2026 Q3 point uses the current household-oriented model and data available through September 5. The line shows the sequence of published editions; it is not an official statistic, and the methodology break means changes should be interpreted as directional rather than precise.

Household distribution

Secure

28%

-6.9 percentage points from the Q2 edition

Budget covers necessities and savings.

Mild Distress

28%

+1.2 percentage points from the Q2 edition

Tight months; limited financial buffer.

Moderate Distress

27%

+3.6 percentage points from the Q2 edition

Frequent tradeoffs; reliance on debt.

Severe Distress

16%

+2.0 percentage points from the Q2 edition

Bills behind or persistent budget shortfall.

Component pressure

These figures are weighted points in the 100-point ADI, not percentages of households. For example, Recurring Essentials at 22.3/30 means that this component contributes 22.3 points to the current total distress score.

Recurring Essentials

22.3/30

+0.5 points since Q1 · shelter, insurance, and food-at-home pressure

Borrowing and Debt

15.6/20

+0.4 points since Q1 · high revolving costs and rising missed-payment risk

Employment Quality

5.9/10

+0.2 points since Q1 · 4.1% unemployment despite an August payroll rebound

Wage and Budget Adequacy

28.7/40

+0.4 points since Q1 · local basic-needs budgets outpacing household buffers

Why the weights differ: there is no official or universally accepted standard requiring this 30/20/10/40 allocation. It is an S3T modeling choice that should be treated as provisional and tested against independent hardship measures. Employment Quality receives 10 points because it is narrowly intended to capture access to work, adequate hours, stability, and underemployment. Whether earnings from available jobs actually cover local living costs is captured primarily in the 40-point Wage and Budget Adequacy component. Taken together, labor conditions and income adequacy account for 50% of the ADI. Recurring Essentials receives 30 points because unavoidable prices directly affect household budgets, while Borrowing and Debt receives 20 points to capture financing and delinquency pressure without double-counting basic expenses. The four component scores add to the overall ADI.

Key insights

  • July CPI slowed slightly to 3.4% over the year; shelter rose 0.1% in July and 3.2% over the year, while food at home declined 0.1% in the month. BLS CPI
  • August payrolls rose by 162,000 and unemployment held at 4.1%; June and July payroll changes were revised up by 55,000 combined. The stronger reading is post-quarter evidence and does not revise completed Q2. BLS Employment Situation
  • The complete Q2 debt report supports holding borrowing pressure broadly steady: total debt fell 0.1% and overall delinquency improved slightly, but new auto and credit-card delinquencies remained elevated. New York Fed Household Debt and Credit
  • July household expectations were mixed: perceived missed-payment risk was 12.0%, while current and expected household financial situations improved. New York Fed SCE
  • The latest SHED benchmark found financial well-being broadly unchanged, but 23% of renters had been behind on rent during the prior year. Federal Reserve SHED

Methodology and sources

The ADI is an S3T modeled estimate constructed from government, university, nonprofit, and financial datasets. Component results use data available as of September 5, 2026; individual source periods vary because publication schedules differ. Household categories are generated from the locked four-component score and validated against—not forced to equal—SHED hardship measures.

Principal sources: BLS CPI, BLS CPS, New York Fed Household Debt and Credit, Federal Reserve SHED, and MIT Living Wage Calculator.

Methodology v1.0.0; last revised 2026-08-03. Full calculation notes and source inventory accompany this review edition.

S3T Affordability Distress Indicator

U.S. Severe Affordability Distress: 14%

Secure
35.4%
Budget stress is manageable for most households in this category.
Anchored to Fed SHED well-being.
Mild
27.3%
Pressure is present, but disruption is still limited.
Calibrated with Fed SHED and BLS labor conditions.
Moderate
23.4%
Tradeoffs, debt use, or cost strain are common.
Severe
14.0%
Households are materially exposed to affordability shock.
Regional comparison: severe distress
Regions use Census definitions. Differences are scaled using FRED regional family income and Fed SHED resilience gaps.
Northeast
12%
Midwest
11%
South
17%
West
14%
Geography snapshot
Rural
Severe
20%
Moderate
24%
Small Metro
Severe
13%
Moderate
24%
Large Metro
Severe
13%
Moderate
23%

This represents a deterioration compared to the December 2025 numbers, included below for comparison.

S3T Economic Experience Dashboard
Severe affordability distress: 10%
Share of U.S. adults in “Severe” ADI category (latest data vintage used).
As of: 2025-12
ADI combines essentials cost pressure, borrowing costs, employment quality, and wage adequacy vs realistic budgets.
Secure
48%
Budget covers necessities + savings.
Mild distress
24%
Tight months; limited buffer.
Moderate distress
18%
Frequent tradeoffs; debt reliance.
Severe distress
10%
Bills behind or persistent shortfall.
Severe distress by region
(Bar length scaled to the highest region)
Northeast
10%
Midwest
8%
South
10%
West
12%
Moderate & severe distress by geography
Rural
Moderate: 17%
Severe: 9%
Higher transport + thinner job markets.
Small metro
Moderate: 18%
Severe: 10%
Rents rising faster than wages.
Large metro
Moderate: 19%
Severe: 12%
Housing + childcare dominate budgets.
Where the strain is most intense
Recurring necessities (housing, childcare, healthcare, food, utilities) drive most household stress because they are paid frequently and leave little room to absorb borrowing costs (mortgages, credit cards, student loans, medical debt). “Employed” does not always mean “economically secure” when wages lag realistic local budgets.
Data sources (click to view)
How these numbers are produced (at a glance)
ADI buckets are estimated by reconciling (a) self-reported hardship signals (Fed SHED), (b) housing cost burden distributions (Harvard JCHS / Census), (c) debt stress and delinquencies (NY Fed / Fed G.19 / KFF), and (d) wage adequacy vs realistic budgets (MIT Living Wage methodology). Output shares are normalized to sum to 100% across Secure/Mild/Moderate/Severe.